Generalized Coarse Graining Procedures for Flow in Porous Media     

Sabine Attinger 《Computational Geosciences》2003,7(4):253-273

This paper focuses on heterogeneous soil conductivities and on the impact their resolution has on a solution of the piezometric head equation: owing to spatial variations of the conductivity, the flow properties at larger scales differ from those found for experiments performed at smaller scales. The method of coarse graining is proposed in order to upscale the piezometric head equation on arbitrary intermediate scales. At intermediate scales large scale fluctuations of the conductivities are resolved, whereas small scale fluctuations are smoothed by a partialy spatial filtering procedure. The filtering procedure is performed in Fourier space with the aid of a low-frequency cut-off function. We derive the partially upscaled head equations. In these equations, the impact of the small scale variability is modeled by scale dependent effective conductivities which are determined by additional differential equations. Explicit results for the scale dependent conductivity values are presented in lowest order perturbation theory. The perturbation theory contributions are summed up with using a renormalisation group analysis yielding explicit results for the effective conductivity in isotropic media. Therefore, the results are also valid for highly heterogeneous media. The results are compared with numerical simulations performed by Dykaar and Kitanidis (1992). The method of coarse graining combined by a renormalisation group analysis offers a tool to derive exact and explicit expressions for resolution dependent conductivity values. It is, e.g., relevant for the interpretation of measurement data on different scales and for reduction of grid-block resolution in numerical modeling. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

利用数字图像处理技术提高地震剖面图像信噪比   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

陈凤  李金宗  黄建明  李冬冬 《地球物理学进展》2003,18(4):758-764

提出了利用数字图像处理技术提高地震剖面信噪比的新方法，首先根据数字图像处理要求的格式，对地震剖面数据进行转换，得到地震剖面图像，分析了地震数据特点和初步地震图像的实验结果后，设计了新的预处理方法——“二维沿层滤波”，在此基础上，利用可以计算帧间运动速度及其变化都较大的改进的光流分析技术，计算出多幅地震剖面对应点的偏移量，然后应用图像积累技术对这多幅地震剖面进行积累，实现对三维地震数据体提高信噪比的处理，该方法充分利用了三维地震信息，不但可以提高整个数据体的信噪比，而且可以减少信号能量的损失，并保持原来的信号能量关系，使地震剖面的质量得到明显提高，为地震解释奠定良好的基础。  相似文献   

用数字滤波方法进行数值模式的初始化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨燕  纪立人 《气象学报》1997,55(3):346-355

将数字滤波原理用于Ｔ４２Ｌ９全球谱模式的初始化。选取两个初值进行了实验。通过对模式短时间积分得到的时间序列进行滤波处理，有效地滤去了初始场中的高频重力波振荡，保留了其中有天气意义的扰动，同时对分析场的改变很小。５ｄ预报的结果说明，经过初始化后的预报较为平稳，场较为光滑。对比实验表明，绝热和非绝热初始化的效果很接近。这种方法简便有效，是一种实用的初值化方法  相似文献   

数字滤波方法在月尺度数值预报中的应用：II.保留不同低频过程的效果比较          下载免费PDF全文

杨燕  纪立人 《大气科学》1997,21(5):533-534

用数字滤波方法对观测资料序列进行处理，得到初始场用于Ｔ４２Ｌ９全球谱模式的月预报，以去除误差增长较快的高频扰动对低频过程的影响，并且利用多时刻的观测资料提取低频过程的信息。对冬季和夏季两个不同个例进行了实例，并比较了取不同长度的观测序列，截取不同周期的过程作为初值对预报效果的影响。结果说明，经过滤波后对低频分量和平均场的预报都有显著的改进。而且对于较长时效的预报，应保留更低频的过程（比如１０ｄ以上  相似文献   

用卡尔曼滤波预报南海热带气旋路径的试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘春霞  周家斌 《热带气象学报》1997,13(4):359-356

利用卡尔曼滤波方法预报南海热带气旋路径，发现采用卡尔曼滤波可以大大地降低预报误差，提高预测模型的预报能力。  相似文献   

Nest microhabitat selection in larks from a European semi-arid shrub-steppe: the role of sunlight and predation     

Miguel Yanes  Jesús Herranz  Francisco Suárez 《Journal of Arid Environments》1996,32(4):469-478

We analysed nest site selection in two shrub-steppe larks, the lesser short-toed larkCalandrella rufescensand the Thekla larkGalerida theklae. Both species nest on the ground next to a bush preferably facing north or north-east. Nestling growth and fledging weight are greater when the nest faces these directions. Both species prefer to nest next to camephytes with little foliage, and the lesser short-toed lark chooses sites with high visibility. We conclude that sunlight and nest predation are fundamental selective pressures determining nest microhabitat selection in larks in semi-arid areas.  相似文献   

提高测井曲线纵向分辨率的方法     

潘葆芝  李舟波  汪宏年 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1997,(2)

常规处理方法往往漏掉一些有价值的薄油气储层。利用频率域反槽积方法、贝叶斯反褶积方法、反褶积与光滑滤波组合（ＤＦＳＮ）方法和分辨率匹配与非线性拟合方法对测井曲线进行了提高纵向分辨率处理，测井曲线的纵向分辨率可提高１～４倍，一些结果得到了证实，为准确地定量评价薄储居提供了较可靠的参数  相似文献   

柳伊河水电站大坝右岸坝区研究     

S.A. Velikin 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):142-150

In the paper in order to ascertain the condition of the right-bank of the dam at the Vilyui hydroelectric power plant measurements are applied to obtain experimental date such as drilling borehole,hydrolocation and so forth. By finding out the distribution of the temperature field some corresponding measures are taken to improve the stability of the dam during the change of the ground temperature. And finally some conclusions are draw to the study.  相似文献   

用GPS秒信号锁定高频振荡器的方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭芳 《时间频率学报》2004,27(2):94-102

对用远距离传输的GPS秒信号锁定本地高频晶体振荡器的方法进行了探讨。介绍了高精度的时间数字转换器TDC(Time to Digital Converter)和对滤波的方法进行了探讨。为了降低成本又能够满足设计要求的精度，还考虑了双D／A转换的方法。有关的硬件系统已经通过了调试和一系列的测试和实验，在测量和控制精度方面，能达到设计的要求。此外，提出了这个系统有待解决的问题，如双D／A转换的非线性问题，Kalman滤波抗野值及继续提高精度的问题。  相似文献   

Data Fusion in Distributed Multi-sensor System   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

GUOHang YUMin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(3):214-217

This paper presents a data fusion method in distributed multi-sensor system including GPS and INS sensors“ data processing. First, a residual X^2-test strategy with the corresponding algorithm is designed.Then a coefficient matrices calculation method of the information sharing principle is derived. Finally, the federated Kalman filter is used to combine these independent, parallel, real-time data. A pseudolite (PL) simulation example is given.  相似文献